Five-axis milling machines generally have two more rotating shafts than three-axis milling machines. First, three linear axes should be tested; Secondly, the detection of two rotating axes; Finally, the five-axis linkage performance should be tested.

Detection of three linear axes

The method is the same as that of a three-axis milling machine, so it is not described here.

Detection of two rotating shafts

Because the influence of the accuracy of the rotating axis on the five-axis machining accuracy is far greater than that of the three linear axes, the inspection of the five-axis milling machine focuses on the accuracy of the two rotating axes.

The accuracy of the rotation axis includes two aspects: one is the accuracy of the movement of the rotation axis, mainly to detect the repeated positioning accuracy of each rotation axis; On the other hand, it is the relationship between the two rotating axes, which mainly tests whether the spatial geometric relationship between the axes of the two rotating axes and the spindle axis is correct.

• Measure the repeated positioning accuracy of the rotating shaft

The method is similar to the linear axis measurement method: for the rotary axis of the turntable type, fix a block on the turntable, contact the surface of the block with a dial indicator, rotate the turntable for a certain angle, and then rotate the turntable in reverse for the same multiple angles, return to the original position, and observe whether the readings of the meter when the needle contacts the surface of the block twice are consistent and how much the error is; For the rotary shaft of swing head type, install the mandrel for inspection on the main shaft, and use the dial indicator pointer to contact the mandrel for inspection.

• Measure the spatial geometric relationship between the two rotating axes and the main shaft

This needs to be divided into three cases according to the type of five-axis milling machine:

1. Five-axis milling machine with double turntable structure

The measurement method is as follows: first, calibrate the c-axis turntable so that the c-axis turntable is parallel to the XY plane (strategy); Then rotate axis B +90 ° and -90 ° respectively, and measure the height difference of the highest point on the side of axis B turntable in the two directions. If the height difference is zero, the spatial geometric relationship of the double turntable meets the ideal situation. If the height difference is not zero, the eccentricity of axis B and C is half of the height difference.

2. Five-axis milling machine with turntable and single swing head structure

The measurement method is as follows: first, install the mandrel for testing on the spindle, correct the b axis, and make the mandrel (spindle axis) perpendicular to the XY plane; Rotate axis B +90 ° and -90 ° respectively, and measure the height difference of the lowest point on the side of the mandrel in the two directions. If the height difference is zero, the spatial geometric relationship between the pendulum head and the main shaft conforms to the ideal situation. If the height difference is not zero, the eccentricity of the main shaft and the b axis is half of the height difference.

3. Five-axis milling machine with double swing head structure

First, measure the eccentricity of the b-axis and spindle in the same way as that of a single pendulum head milling machine.

Then, measure the eccentricity of the c-axis and the main shaft. The method is as follows: fix a standard cylinder on the workbench, fix the dial indicator base on the c-axis, and the gauge needle contacts the cylindrical side. Adjust the position of the XY axis of the machine tool so that the reading of the dial indicator does not change when the c-axis rotates, so that the axis line of the c-axis coincides with the center of the cylinder, and record the X and Y coordinate values of the machine tool at this position; First rotate axis B so that the axis of the main shaft is perpendicular to the workbench (XY plane), then install a check rod on the main shaft, fix the meter base on the check rod (on the main shaft), and the gauge needle contacts the cylindrical side. Adjust the position of the XY axis of the machine tool so that the dial indicator reading does not change when the check rod rotates so that the axis of the main shaft coincides with the center of the cylinder. At this time, compare the X and Y coordinate values of the machine tool with the coordinate values just recorded, The difference is the X and Y eccentricity of the c axis and the spindle axis.

To sum up, the b-axis and c-axis of the double turntable milling machine are combined into one, and the eccentricity of the b-axis and c-axis should be measured; The b-axis and the main shaft of the turntable and the single pendulum head milling machine are integrated, and the eccentricity of the b-axis and the main shaft should be measured; The b-axis, c-axis and main shaft of the double swing head milling machine are combined into one double swing head. It is necessary to measure the eccentricity of the b-axis and main shaft, c-axis, and main shaft.

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